re: Well Political Talk, what's your answer?

They called it global warming for years until they realized the opposite was happening so they changed it to Climate Change.

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4. Solar flux.

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It's Elon's fault, obviously. Too many Teslas on the roads. We need more ICE.

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expound on that, if you would... (dumb it down for me)

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1. Atmospheric molecular constituent concentrations.

This is your material. This is the medium that is being heated up or cooled down. Every material can transfer heat at a specific rate. We measure that rate in energy (jouals, btus, etc.) per unit temperature (K, C, F or R). It's referred to as heat capacity. Some material have relatively high heat capacities versus others. In our atmosphere CO2 does have a slightly lower heat capacity than surrounding atmospheric constituents. That means it takes less energy to increase the same mass of CO2 than it does for example to increase the same mass of N2. But the opposite is also true. CO2 will cool faster than N2.

Water is the great atmospheric capacitor. It takes a lot more energy per unit mass to increase the temperature of water than it does for any other molecule in our atmosphere. Furthermore, water is the only molecule in our atmosphere that goes through phase changes which absorbs even more energy (latent heat of fusion - to and from ice and water and latent heat of condensation - to and from water and vapor). The latent heat of condensation is fully demonstrated in early mornings when the morning dew hits the ground and there is a temperature pause before the temperatures drops lower (and usually never drops below the dew point temperatures especially when the local atmosphere is saturated because the water is busy using that energy to phase change).

Now some will obfuscate the issue of energy absorption by introducing the natural frequencies of atmospheric molecules. This is true of the CO2 molecule and infrared frequencies from the sun. It's just how CO2 absorbs energy.

Regardless of how the material absorbs the energy, said material has a specified energy capacity until the temperature changes (according to our predefined discrete temperature resolution).


2. Initial temperature.
Temperature is the measure of the kinetic energy of a material or system. The initial temperature is the baseline. We need a point to start. A point of reference to measure or calculate from. From the initial temperature we can predict or model the final temperature.

3. Initial pressure.
The initial pressure tells us how many molecules we are dealing with in a specified control volume. If I have one pound of air in a tank versus two pounds of air in the tank and I want to raise both 10 degrees, its going to take twice as much energy to increase the tank with 2 pounds of air 10 degrees than the tank with 1 pound of air. (This assumes ideal gas equation of state conditions...which all humans live. Higher pressures and different mixtures than an ideal gas required different equations of state.)

4. Solar flux.
This simply the energy per unit area com from the sun. It's usually specified over a period of time so it becomes power per unit area (like in watts per square meter). It's analogous to the burner on your stove heating up water for pasta. Turn up the energy per unit area and you get more heat and vise versa.

I didn't think it was called global warming anymore but they call it climate change now because they don't really know what the Earth is doing.
Basically:
Climate Quacks: The Earth is warming and it's all our fault
Earth: Psyche here's some crazy cold weather. Fooled ya.

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It is, but to what extent? I've run the calculations to answer this question:




This a assumes steady energy input from the sun. The contribution from CO2 is negligible If we start at 57 degrees and reduce the CO2 concentration to 200 ppm from 415 ppm the temperature becomes 56.98 degrees. We also have dying plants at 200 ppm.

If we raise the concentration of CO2 from 415 ppm to 1000 ppm the temperature would be 57.05 degrees instead of 57 degrees.

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Right. I think climate science on the warming are important though. It is warming. No one should deny it. The important questions are "how can we adapt if the trends continue" in my opinion.

We're all here today because of adaption to climate circumstances we largely cannot dictate even with our level of science today. I'm more worried about the adapting not the blaming.

Our cold is now centered over North America. Its been a warm winter in AK.

Some places that should have 4' of snow on the ground are bone dry.