re: Latest Updates: Russia-Ukraine Conflict

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n this day and age, a 24k BPD refinery sounds pretty small. I've got to think that very, very little U.S. refined products come out of refineries of less than 100k BPD, and there seem to be a lot of 250k BPD refineries. Is the Russian petroleum industry operating on that much of a different scale / different economies of scale? That sounds pretty primitive, but maybe that just reflects my ignorance of the global petroleum industry.

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Two other "refineries" are actually a condensate splitter at a natural gas liquids processing plant. Naptha (Pentanes +) have to be further refined to be useable in any fuel for engines capacity. That being said, an isomerization unit is at each, so they condensate can be turned into high "octane" gasoline. The "refinery" of this type at St. Petersburg also has a butamer unit to turn N Butane into Iso Butane. Iso Butane is feedstock for alkylation units, which use an acid catalyst to also make high "octane" gasoline. The catalyst being either HF or H2SO4.

I suspect that Ukraine will be doing some serious work on anti-drone drones. I've seen some clips of drones that fly above other drones and drop a net on them. Others, with suicide drones to take out Russian surveillance drones.

I'm sure a lot of militaries will be doing the same.

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The Russians also crossed the Oskil about 15 miles north of Kupyansk

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The Russians also crossed the Oskil about 15 miles north of Kupyansk

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It was 12 miles and they are currently engaged in a firefight to try and secure their beachhead.

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Has Russia nuked Ukraine yet? Has WW3 started yet?

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Why do you ask?

Seriously, you're a bright fellow.
There must be a reason you'd ask.
What is it?

I remembered when Russia finally captured Bakmuth, and some predicted Russia would toll westward. Well they gained a few KMs but not much,

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Makes one want to vomit when considering the Ukrainian casualties as well, and realizing this atrocity could have been completely avoided, or at least could have ended in April 2022. Doesn't

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It could have been avoided in 2014, but Putin saw an opportunity snd took it. A weak POTUS, Ukraine in turmoil, and a plan already drawn up and Putin pounced.

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but Putin saw an opportunity

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You really have a fixation here.

Let me ask, if you were in charge of Russia in 2014, and the west had just overthrown a Russo-friendly Ukrainian government with the coincident promise of NATO inculcation in the offing, WTF would you have done re: old USSR naval bases in Crimea? Left them to NATO?

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Let me ask, if you were in charge of Russia in 2014, and the west had just overthrown a Russo-friendly Ukrainian government with the coincident promise of NATO inculcation in the offing, WTF would you have done re: old USSR naval bases in Crimea? Left them to NATO?

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Didn’t Russia keep the old naval bases via a treaty?

If I were Putin I would have picked up the phone and spoke directly with Obama as to the NATO question. I don’t believe we ever intended to take them in, The EU was a real option, but NATO????

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Didn’t Russia keep the old naval bases via a treaty?

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The Kharkiv Pact extended the Russian lease on Sevastopol naval facilities until 2042. In return, Ukraine received discounts on Russian natural gas.

Kharkiv did not permanently cede the naval bases to Russia (hence the term "lease"). Nor was the agreement conducted with any understanding that said Russian lease payments would ever supply NATO.