How the iPhone has changed the world

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iPhones have changed little things, too, like gum sales Supermarket checkout lines — strategically stocked with magazines and candy — were for a long time a major point of sale for gum. Consumers waiting on line to pay would look around and make impulse buys. Now, however, we’re so consumed with our phones that we’re not reaching for a pack of gum to stave off our boredom. Indeed, gum sales have declined 15 percent since 2007, the year the iPhone came out, according to market research firm Euromonitor International.

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On-demand work began with the first internet boom in the late 1990s. But their numbers didn’t become substantial until the advent of smartphones with GPS chips and on-demand marketplace apps like Uber, according to Steve King, a partner at Emergent Research, which collects on-demand workforce data along with tax-prep company Intuit. Currently there are about four million on-demand workers in the U.S., a number that is expected to double in the next four years.

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