Surgeons in Great Britain are not called doctor

Journal about the history of surgeons

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(Male) surgeons are always addressed as Mr in the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland The tradition arose before 1800 when physicians were by definition doctors who possessed a university medical degree (an MD);
surgeons seldom had any formal qualifications

The growth of voluntary hospitals in the 18th century brought high status to surgeons After the founding of the Royal College of Surgeons of London in 1800, surgeons had a formal qualification (the MRCS)

Surgeons became so proud to be distinguished from physicians that the title of Mr became a badge of honour

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This is actually due in part to the past history of surgeons who were also barbers. They were known as barber surgeons.

Barber Surgeon Wikipedia Article

quote:

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The barber surgeon, one of the most common European medical practitioners of the Middle Ages, was generally charged with caring for soldiers during and after battle. In this era, surgery was seldom conducted by physicians, but instead by barbers, who, in having razors indispensable to their trade, were called upon for numerous tasks ranging from cutting hair to amputating limbs.

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The most amazing part of this is despite me never hearing this before, I heard two references to this in two fiction books, one horror and one fantasy, within 48 hours.