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re: Low-fat v. Low-carb diets - new study

Posted on 2/20/18 at 9:33 pm to
Posted by olgoi khorkhoi
priapism survivor
Member since May 2011
14854 posts
Posted on 2/20/18 at 9:33 pm to
Saying it isn’t proven to burn fat faster than an isocaloric diet isn’t the same as saying it’s not relevant to fat loss.
Posted by Hulkklogan
Baton Rouge, LA
Member since Oct 2010
43299 posts
Posted on 2/20/18 at 9:57 pm to
quote:

In a carb or protein diet you will still break down muscle for energy if you are in negative calories while the ketosis diet does not.


No sir. That is utter nonsense.

The body wants to spare muscle, especially if one works out and eats a high protein diet.. You will burn body fat for energy before burning off muscle. Muscle/protein is hard to get energy out of, fat is very easy. There will always be some LBM loss with weight loss, but much of that is going to be water and some muscle.

Pretty much everything you posted beyond the first paragraph is very refutable. There are benefits to fasting, but they are not a holy Grail, and fasting causes weight loss because calories are typically incidentally reduced by reducing total meals... Not because of magic processes.

Calories in and out is king, macros are queen, and everything else are tools to use.
This post was edited on 2/20/18 at 9:58 pm
Posted by Junky
Louisiana
Member since Oct 2005
8375 posts
Posted on 2/20/18 at 10:20 pm to
Can you show me a study that proves the 3500 calories = 1 lb formula to be true?
Posted by lsu777
Lake Charles
Member since Jan 2004
31059 posts
Posted on 2/20/18 at 10:37 pm to
3500 isn't a lbs. It takes that many calories in excess to be stored as a pound of fat. Muscle takes less calories to build a pound.

And yea I can tomorrow once I get to a computer.
Posted by lsu777
Lake Charles
Member since Jan 2004
31059 posts
Posted on 2/20/18 at 10:44 pm to
If it doesn't burn body fat faster than isocaloric when calories are the same how the hell is it relevant for fat loss?

Your statement makes no sense.

Look I love keto diets and it's my preferred method of dieting, but so far no study has been able to prove a keto diet burns body fat faster than a low fat high carb diet. In fact pretty much every study has found that calories are what matter and over the course of 10-12 weeks fat loss is consistent when calories are equalized no matter the carb content.

There are plenty of reasons to do a keto style diet, time of health reasons but faster loss of body fat is not one of those.

Like hulk said calories are king, protein is the queen. Everything else is lagniappe.
Posted by McLemore
Member since Dec 2003
31498 posts
Posted on 2/20/18 at 11:21 pm to
The article I linked below is oddly written, but I think it does a decent job of framing some issues re: CICO, macros, inadequacy of the carb-insulin hypothesis, and insulin-obesity relationship.

Those IDM guys are pretty rah-rah keto, but this post acknowledges the other end of the macro spectrum.

LINK

I try to look at the obesity (and poor-nutrition more generally) epidemic in terms of what is most effective to help the most people. I truly believe that, in vivo, it's HFLC.

That may indeed be based in the insane and easily maintained success (from weight and waist, to lipid panel to physical fitness) I've had with it personally after having tried many other supposedly "healthy" alternatives.

But I do think there are some objective benefits of keto, based on the absurd amount of science-based stuff I've studied.

I haven't seen the full version of the study linked in OP yet, but...

first, I would like to see one where they actually do keto, not just what they did here.

And then I'd like to compare key blood markers--lipid panel, inflammation markers, etc.--among participants.

I'd also like to read more about the types of fats and types of carbs (all I saw was "healthy"--i don't know what that means) consumed and how well everything was controlled. Obviously they weren't in a metabolic chamber for a year.

Putting that study aside, I'd like to see more on the effects of diet on the brain, which can derive 75% of the energy it needs from ketones.

What does that do psychologically for cravings? How does that "indirectly" affect weight loss (I think we've firmly established that calorie reduction is what sheds pounds and inches, but I've always maintained: so what? how do you get the most number of people reducing calories and what are the overall health benefits from and risks of these methods?)

Our brains are huge energy hogs, burning some 600 calories a day. What effect does changing from glucose to ketones have on the millions of functions it performs.

While we have been able to extrapolate some stuff from the Inuits and we've had the Warburg Effect and anti-epilepsy "cream cheese diets" for ages, the era of well-conducted studies on all this is still in its infancy.
Posted by zatetic
Member since Nov 2015
5677 posts
Posted on 2/21/18 at 7:50 am to
quote:

I haven't seen the full version of the study linked in OP yet, but...


The study had nothing to do with ketosis. I put the macros it used. It is just normal diets.

And you will probably never see a study on ketosis for the purpose of a normal diet. It is considered abnormal so they won't do a study on humans for it. The only studies you will see are related to illnesses like seizures.
Posted by zatetic
Member since Nov 2015
5677 posts
Posted on 2/21/18 at 7:56 am to
quote:


The body wants to spare muscle, especially if one works out and eats a high protein diet.

Pretty much everything you posted beyond the first paragraph is very refutable. There are benefits to fasting, but they are not a holy Grail, and fasting causes weight loss because calories are typically incidentally reduced by reducing total meals... Not because of magic processes.

Calories in and out is king, macros are queen, and everything else are tools to use.


If you are on a glucose diet muscle is easier to turn into glucose than fat. That is why you have to eat a ton of protein. If the body just wanted to spare protein you wouldn't have to eat it while in negative calories.

If calories in and out is king then fasting would be king. Your growth hormones boosts to super high levels while fasting which is muscle sparing. Ketosis is highly muscle sparing because muscle can't be broke down into ketones. I do agree about the macros or I wouldn't be a fan of ketosis.

quote:

No sir. That is utter nonsense.


What is utter nonsense is you think fasting loses calories by reducing total meals. There are no meals in fasting. You also think hormones are a magical process. I have to assume you have no idea how "magical" autophagy is since you have no clue what fasting even is.
Posted by McLemore
Member since Dec 2003
31498 posts
Posted on 2/21/18 at 8:19 am to
quote:

The study had nothing to do with ketosis. 


Right. That was one of my points.

What's a "normal diet"? That's circular. One of the main purposes of nutritional research is to improve/change our failing "normal diets," and keto can certainly become "normal."

I'm in nutritional ketosis right now (after a "normal" low carb stint where my ketones were barely existent--in the 0.2 range), and all I changed was dropping beer and maybe a slight protein reduction. Maybe.

And I think people really have to keep up with pioneers like Dr. Phinney--who's The Godfather of modern keto--and co, to see where the research is headed. Of course there will be studies (and have been some), as people become educated on the fact that it isn't the bacon and cheese diet.

ETA: i alluded to this in an earlier post, but a big challenge of constructing and conducting meaningful dietary/nutrition studies is controlling the environment. On one hand, as others have noted, the more the subjects are monitored/controlled re: what they eat, the better chance they have of losing weight just due to removing need for self control and choices (assuming calories are controlled). On the other hand, when you reduce the level of monitoring and control (basically anything less than metabolic chambers), you open the whole thing up to "cheating." But the high-restriction and control environments simply aren't real life, which is where we eat.

It is indeed difficult to wade through the bullshite of blogs, podcasts, nonsense websites, uneducated (in nutrition) medical professionals, Reddit, shitty gov and NGO advice, bad journalism (e.g., Good Housekeeping hack), etc., to get to the science and practicality of any way of eating, and it seems keto is particularly susceptible to myths, both pro and con.

But keto isn't really anything crazy or "abnormal" (from a scientific and historical standpoint anyway). And what the general public considers a "normal diet" is a pretty good contraindicator re: the healthfulness of same.
This post was edited on 2/21/18 at 8:54 am
Posted by lsu777
Lake Charles
Member since Jan 2004
31059 posts
Posted on 2/21/18 at 8:57 am to
He was talking intermittent fasting. Jesus you are ate the frick up with it.

You have zero and I mean zero proof a keto diet burns body fat faster than isocaloric when calories are the same. Instead you talk about everything else but that.
Posted by McLemore
Member since Dec 2003
31498 posts
Posted on 2/21/18 at 9:29 am to
quote:

You have zero and I mean zero proof a keto diet burns body fat faster than isocaloric when calories are the same.


i wish we could just all accept this and move on. people really seem to be hung up on the "burning" instead of the more important wholistic (as in, "broader," not "wholistic medicine" junk) issues with various ways of eating.
Posted by lsu777
Lake Charles
Member since Jan 2004
31059 posts
Posted on 2/21/18 at 9:41 am to
Yea like I said earlier, dozens of other reasons to do keto. It's a great way to diet, it just doesn't burn body fat faster than isocaloric. Still a great way to live
Posted by tunechi
Member since Jun 2009
10188 posts
Posted on 2/21/18 at 11:35 am to
He knows what fasting is you miserable frick
This post was edited on 2/21/18 at 11:36 am
Posted by zatetic
Member since Nov 2015
5677 posts
Posted on 2/21/18 at 11:58 am to
quote:

He was talking intermittent fasting. Jesus you are ate the frick up with it.


I made a comment and then he rebutted it by making up an argument against an argument I never made. I said nothing about IF. If he can't read what I wrote I can't help that.

quote:

You have zero and I mean zero proof a keto diet burns body fat faster than isocaloric when calories are the same.


I literally said there are no studies for ketosis. And there likely won't be because you can't do those kinds of studies on humans. I would figure you knew that but you seem to not. Ketosis and fasting are far better for keeping muscle than any other diet while in negative calories. You can't convert muscle into ketones, you can convert muscle into glucose.

Do you have an email address you use for this conversation? I've tried to give you respect even though you are a dick to nearly everyone about things you don't agree with.

I get upset that you are the biggest proponent of a high protein diet when they are known to lower testosterone while you are taking testosterone. You can reveal why you are doing that or maybe it is personal, but I'm always going to have a problem with your advice when you are outside the norms of health. I don't want to make something that could be personal to you public and I won't, but I do take affront to your proposals because I'm lacking info. I do wish you the best with your new plan though.
Posted by Hulkklogan
Baton Rouge, LA
Member since Oct 2010
43299 posts
Posted on 2/21/18 at 12:30 pm to
quote:

I made a comment and then he rebutted it by making up an argument against an argument I never made. I said nothing about IF. If he can't read what I wrote I can't help that.



I assumed you meant IF. But fasting for days or longer makes an even more obvious reason why you lose weight: you're not eating.


quote:

high protein diet when they are known to lower testosterone


This is the first time I'm really hearing of this, so I hopped on over to pubmed and searched "high protein diet testosterone" and literally the first link on the search:
High protein diets do not attenuate decrements in testosterone and IGF-I during energy deficit.
quote:

MATERIALS/METHODS: Thirty-three adults were assigned diets providing protein at 0.8 (RDA), 1.6 (2×-RDA), and 2.4 (3×-RDA) g/kg/d for 31days. Testosterone, sex-hormone binding globulin (SHBG) and IGF-I system components were assessed after a 10-day period of weight-maintenance (WM) and after a 21-day period of ED (40%) achieved by an increase in energy expenditure and decreased energy intake. Associations between the change in FFM and anabolic hormone levels were determined.

RESULTS: As compared to WM and regardless of dietary protein intake, total and free testosterone, total IGF-I, and acid-labile subunit decreased (P<0.05), whereas SHBG and IGF binding proteins-1, -2, and -3 increased (P<0.05) during ED. There were no energy-by-protein interactions on any hormones or IGF-I system components measured. Changes in FFM in response to ED were negatively associated with acid-labile subunit (ALS) (r=-0.62, P<0.05) in 2×-RDA; however, no other relationships were observed.

CONCLUSION: Consuming a high protein diet does not impact the androgenic and IGF-I system response to ED. These data suggest that the protective effects of high protein diets on FFM during ED are likely not influenced by anabolic hormone concentrations.

Posted by Salamander_Wilson
Member since Jul 2015
7688 posts
Posted on 2/21/18 at 12:36 pm to
A lot of people in this thread have been lied to by Marc Taub.

Lsu777 is 100% correct.
Posted by zatetic
Member since Nov 2015
5677 posts
Posted on 2/21/18 at 12:46 pm to
quote:

I assumed you meant IF. But fasting for days or longer makes an even more obvious reason why you lose weight: you're not eating.


Yes, but you make stuff like hormones that keep your muscle or prevent muscle degradation, like growth hormone. Autophagy cleans your body. Again, the point I was making was fasting and ketosis are either, not as hard on the body as other diets or actually help make the body better, all the while losing fat.


There's a bunch of stuff that says high protein is high cortisol. High cortisol often lowers test. Maybe it is inconclusive and I'll look into it more later.

https://www.anabolicmen.com/protein-testosterone/



High protein intake may also influence testosterone production indirectly. When you eat more protein, you’re likely compensating by eating less carbs and fat. The latter – especially the monounsaturated variety – has been shown to increase testosterone.
Posted by lsu777
Lake Charles
Member since Jan 2004
31059 posts
Posted on 2/21/18 at 12:46 pm to
quote:

I made a comment and then he rebutted it by making up an argument against an argument I never made. I said nothing about IF. If he can't read what I wrote I can't help that.


He was speaking strictly about IF is all I was saying.


quote:

I literally said there are no studies for ketosis. And there likely won't be because you can't do those kinds of studies on humans. I would figure you knew that but you seem to not.


There are studies on Ketosis and differing carb intake leves. And why can you not do ketosis studies on humans? you check for it in the blood and check the rate of fat loss comparable to isocalroic at same calorie level.

quote:

Ketosis and fasting are far better for keeping muscle than any other diet while in negative calories. You can't convert muscle into ketones, you can convert muscle into glucose.

I also understand this. But has been shown in real life and also studies that high protein when dieting is muscle sparing. Look up studies on PSMF. and fasting is only muscle sparing for around 36 hours, 72 max. After that is catabolic.

quote:

Do you have an email address you use for this conversation? I've tried to give you respect even though you are a dick to nearly everyone about things you don't agree with.

No need to take it to email. I never and have never meant to come off as a dick on this board at least. I try and go out of my way to make that clear. If you took it that away I sincerely apologize as I want this board to be nothing but inclusive.

quote:

I get upset that you are the biggest proponent of a high protein diet when they are known to lower testosterone while you are taking testosterone. You can reveal why you are doing that or maybe it is personal, but I'm always going to have a problem with your advice when you are outside the norms of health. I don't want to make something that could be personal to you public and I won't, but I do take affront to your proposals because I'm lacking info. I do wish you the best with your new plan though.


High protein does not lower testosterone, extremely low fat does. There are no studies showing high protein lowers test. As far as me taking test, has nothing to do with the advice I give or does the diet have any bearing on why i am on test in the first place. Hell for the 2 years before I got on I was predominantly on a keto diet. I have to take test because of doing a fertility treatment for over a year killed my LH sensitivity and I already had problems with lower test due to my hypothalamus not sending the signal to my pituitary gland.

and most of the time when you see me giving advice its to those that lift or are looking to look like they lift. To do this it requires protein and lots of it. If you see me giving high protein(for the record I consider anything more than 1g/per pound of body weight hgih protein) is hardly ever for the normal person looking to lose a few pounds or for somebody looking to be healthier.

For health I almost always recommend the whole 30 diet at is the best diet in the world for health imo.

For weight loss I almost always recommend 16:8 intermittent fasting combined with an if it fits your macros approach unless there is a health condition they have. The reason I do this is because despite the frustration it might cause somebody like me and you, most people will not stick to a keto diet. the flexible dieting approach allows them to worry about calories first, protein second and forget the rest. It works, sorry but it does and it teaches good habits as it forces people to track their food and read labels.

as far as being outside the norms of health with my protein recommendations, how? multiple studies have shown that you need a minimum of .8g of protein per lbs of lean muscle to maintain muscle mass when in a caloric deficit. its pretty well understood, also multiple studies have shown people under report what they are eating 20% or of the time. To account for this 20% difference its a pretty well known rule of thumb in the lifting world to get 1g per lbs of bw to ensure you are getting enough.

as far as advice i might give every once in a while that includes protein levels up to 2g per lbs, that a specific case recommendation based on experience and having an understanding of what others are doing that works.

And it was never personal. It just seems like you and big scrub can not accept the fact that keto isnt the only way to eat and be healthy and also that there is no proof of it burning bodyfat at a higher rate than isocaloric.

I have said i believe a keto style diet to be a great way to go, hell i use it myself annually to cut weight, but its not the only way. Ya'll seem to get offended when somebody disagrees with that notion. and I am not the only one that feels like this. Its why some people get so mad at yall and attack. I personally am extremely open minded, but i am also not going to let false info be thrown around either.

in the end as far as my recommendations go, many times I am speaking to somebody from a lifting and athletic background on how to accomplish certain goals and achieve certain body composition. You and scrub aren't, you are coming from it from a strictly health standpoint. Also not everyone wants or is willing to give up carbs and you and scrub tend to not understand that and chastise those that recommend something more in line with what the person is asking for. Honestly I hate my low carb times now because it means no sushi, luckily i love sashimi so I can get by but it sucks with no sushi and I understand why others don't want to give that up.

Also when ya'll say fruit and berries and veggies are healthy or even something like oatmeal can't be healthy it annoys people because you aren't being open minded. All I am saying is understand your way has been proven time and time again to be just another tool in the tool box to get things done. Its not the only tool that works and its not always the right tool.



Posted by lsu777
Lake Charles
Member since Jan 2004
31059 posts
Posted on 2/21/18 at 12:52 pm to
quote:

High protein intake may also influence testosterone production indirectly. When you eat more protein, you’re likely compensating by eating less carbs and fat. The latter – especially the monounsaturated variety – has been shown to increase testosterone.


if somebody is eating high protein and high carb and extremely low fat, yes testosterone production is affected. protein in of itself has no correlation to testosterone production when isolated as the only variable in any studies I have ever scene.

quote:

Yes, but you make stuff like hormones that keep your muscle or prevent muscle degradation, like growth hormone. Autophagy cleans your body. Again, the point I was making was fasting and ketosis are either, not as hard on the body as other diets or actually help make the body better, all the while losing fat.



There are also studies that show at the 36 hour mark your body starts burning muscle slowly as fuel. if we take your point we can look at sub Saharan Africa and take a sample of those that tend to fast for 4-5 days at a time. They lose muscle. Same with Muslims during Ramadan or any other place where the fast extends to 2 days or more.

as far as one diet being easier on the body, I posted that earlier and never have I disputed this. But its not a fact for everyone. But that still has nothing to do with my assertion that there is zero evidence a keto diet burns more body fat than an isocaloric. In fact all the evidence says it doesnt burn more.
Posted by Hulkklogan
Baton Rouge, LA
Member since Oct 2010
43299 posts
Posted on 2/21/18 at 1:36 pm to
I want to be clear that I also mean no personal insults. I think open discourse is a great thing, even if I disagree.

I do think that fasting and keto have their place; "tools in the toolbelt" is a great way to sum it up into a simple phrase. I don't think either one is necessary or even desirable for the general public.. We're pretty much never going to convince the general population to fast and keto. We have to be realistic what your average person currently eats and what's probably the best way to get them to moderate their intake and lose weight. Beyond anything else, eliminating obesity is going to generate the highest improvement of health markers, whether someone lost their weight by fasting+keto or IIFYM or anything else.
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