re: Leak at CF - Donaldsonville, LA

A large spill of ammonium hydroxide would release a significant amount of ammonia vapor.

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If it's coming form methane then they are still producing CO2 to make the H2 which is really not "green"

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If they capture and sequester the CO2 its "Blue" Ammonia.

But most new plants are moving towards electrolysis. It's just whether or not the grid and power company can generate enough.

Hydrogen City, Texas would be able to supply the green H2 to many of these projects

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The project will be powered by 60GW of behind the meter solar and wind power with additional renewable energy drawn from the ERCOT grid during periods of low prices.

"Hydrogen City is a massive, world class undertaking that will put Texas on the map as a leading green hydrogen producer. Texas has been the world leader in energy innovation for over 100 years and this project is intended to cement that leadership for the next century and beyond," says GHI's founder and CEO Brian Maxwell.

The project will be built in phases with the first phase expected to commence operations in 2026, consisting of 2GW of production and two storage caverns at the Piedras Pintas salt dome. Access to salt storage is critical to the scaling-up of green hydrogen production as it allows for maximum utilization of electrolysers and serves as a buffer between variable wind and solar production and final delivery of green hydrogen to customers. Eventually, over 50 caverns can be created at the Piedras Pintas salt dome, providing up to 6TWh of energy storage and turning the dome into a major green hydrogen storage hub, similar to the role Henry Hub plays in the natural gas market.

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It’s actually an east wind

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Oh, then no doubt there are residents as far as Hammond claiming to be overcome by the leak.

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Based on what? I know of exactly one ammonia storage tank failure in the US due to overpressure. I worked in that plant at the time. It was not CF and was a LONG time ago

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Was it the roof seam?

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Ammonia oxidation produces NOx gas. Much worse environmental impact than CO2.

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I’m not fully convinced about the viability of the “hydrogen/ammonia economy.” That being said:

1. The primary purpose of ammonia in such an economy is likely as a transportation medium, rather than a direct fuel. The ammonia gets dehydrogenated / converted to hydrogen somewhere near the end user. Efficiency losses from the conversions are offset by transportation/storage cost reductions compared to hydrogen.

2. Incomplete ammonia oxidation produces NOx. Furnace design is a key to the use of ammonia as a direct fuel in such an economy. Ammonia as a direct fuel in burners would likely be limited to larger-scale combustion. Alternatively, there is quite a bit of research currently taking place in the area of ammonia fuel cells. Some fuel cell designs do not produce NOx at all, but it remains to be seen whether any are commercially viable in the long run.