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Show me why I'm wrong: partial exclusion for home sell capital gains 2 out-of-5 year rule

Posted on 5/2/21 at 9:11 am
Posted by C
Houston
Member since Dec 2007
27824 posts
Posted on 5/2/21 at 9:11 am
Ok so I'm having some back and forth with my tax preparers. Long story short, I don't have the ability use anyone else. So I need to convince them they are wrong rather than trying to find someone that already agrees with me or just doing it myself.

I have a home I've owned for 12 years. I've rented it for the past 4 as I moved out of the area due to work. I now want to sell my home and apply for partial capital gain exclusion as found in the code. LINK

Within the code:
quote:

If you don't meet the Eligibility Test, you may still qualify for a partial exclusion of gain. You can meet the requirements for a partial exclusion if the main reason for your home sale was a change in workplace location, a health issue, or an unforeseeable event.
You meet the requirements for a partial exclusion if any of the following events occurred during your time of ownership and residence in the home.

You took or were transferred to a new job in a work location at least 50 miles farther from the home than your old work location. For example, your old work location was 15 miles from the home and your new work location is 65 miles from the home.
You had no previous work location and you began a new job at least 50 miles from the home.
Either of the above is true of your spouse, a co-owner of the home, or anyone else for whom the home was his or her residence.


The bolded section is the root of contention. They are saying the IRS will view my renting the place after my move excludes me from claiming the move is the reason for selling. I'm claiming they can't be allowed to interpret my rational unless it's in the code. This is further justified by this IRS bulletin from 2004.

LINK

quote:

One commentator asserted that the factors are beyond Congressional intent, unnecessary, and overbroad. The final regulations retain the list of factors because it is helpful in determining the taxpayer’s primary reason for the sale or exchange.

For each of the three grounds for claiming a reduced maximum exclusion, the temporary regulations provide a general definition and one or more safe harbors. Under the temporary regulations, if a safe harbor applies, the taxpayer’s “primary reason” for the sale or exchange is deemed to be change in place of employment, health, or unforeseen circumstances.


The bolded section seems to me provide clear guidance that the IRS isn't going to try to determine intent if a safe harbor from the code applies. Which it does:

quote:

2) Distance safe harbor. A sale or exchange is deemed to be by reason of a change in place of employment (within the meaning of paragraph (c)(1) of this section) if—

(i) The change in place of employment occurs during the period of the taxpayer's ownership and use of the property as the taxpayer's principal residence; and

(ii) The qualified individual's new place of employment is at least 50 miles farther from the residence sold or exchanged than was the former place of employment, or, if there was no former place of employment, the distance between the qualified individual's new place of employment and the residence sold or exchanged is at least 50 miles.


Please tell me where I'm wrong and where i can seek additional guidance within the code as there have been updates since 2004 to these rules. Thanks

Posted by baldona
Florida
Member since Feb 2016
20443 posts
Posted on 5/2/21 at 11:40 am to
I think you are fricked man and you are wrong, unfortunately. If you rented the house for 3 years and then lived in it for a year and then we’re forced to move for a year, that would be one thing.

But you’ve rented it for 4 years, even if your reason to sell was a forced move 4 years ago it’s 4 years ago. If you sold it 3 years ago you’d probably be okay, but at what point does that exclusion stop? 5 years? 10 years? I think the exclusion is more like 1 year. But I’m not a cpa.
Posted by C
Houston
Member since Dec 2007
27824 posts
Posted on 5/2/21 at 11:52 am to


quote:

at what point does that exclusion stop? 5 years?


Yes 5 years is the exclusion limit literally written into the code in how you calculate what partial exclusion applies.

Again I’m just trying to apply strictly as written. Not trying to make up a code.
Posted by HighlyFavoredTiger
TexLaArk
Member since Jun 2018
878 posts
Posted on 5/2/21 at 10:31 pm to
I think the Residence rule requiring you live in it a total of 24 months (2 years) in the last 5 years is where the problem comes in at, if you’ve rented it for 4 years, regardless of the reason, you don’t qualify as having lived in it.
Posted by Drizzt
Cimmeria
Member since Aug 2013
12871 posts
Posted on 5/2/21 at 11:49 pm to
None of this actually matters unless you are audited which is a very low probability. I would not report rent this year and move your address back to the home to argue you it was your primary residence this year if you are really worried about it.
Posted by C
Houston
Member since Dec 2007
27824 posts
Posted on 5/3/21 at 5:07 am to
quote:

I think the Residence rule requiring you live in it a total of 24 months (2 years) in the last 5 years is where the problem comes in at, if you’ve rented it for 4 years, regardless of the reason, you don’t qualify as having lived in it.


Right. I’m trying to qualify for the partial exclusion due to a work move. If work move, you don’t have to live in it for 2 years. You take the total days lived in the past 5 years and divide by 730 to get the partial % you do qualify for.
Posted by slackster
Houston
Member since Mar 2009
84852 posts
Posted on 5/3/21 at 6:42 am to
quote:

None of this actually matters unless you are audited which is a very low probability. I would not report rent this year and move your address back to the home to argue you it was your primary residence this year if you are really worried about it.


Fraud. Nice idea.
Posted by baldona
Florida
Member since Feb 2016
20443 posts
Posted on 5/3/21 at 7:01 am to
quote:

None of this actually matters unless you are audited which is a very low probability. I would not report rent this year and move your address back to the home to argue you it was your primary residence this year if you are really worried about it.




Except for the fact that the IRS views tax preparers and CPAs in a sort of partnership with them, so if the OP has a CPA or tax preparer do this for them they are liable additionally.

Again OP, you were forced to move 4 years ago. 4 years ago, and rented it since. Nothing has happened to force your hand for 4 years. You can’t use some exclusion rule that exists for situations out of your control when everything was in your control for the past 4 years.
Posted by LSUFanHouston
NOLA
Member since Jul 2009
37084 posts
Posted on 5/3/21 at 7:02 am to
I can understand why your preparer is having issues with this. The partial exclusion rules are meant to apply when people have to sell quickly after an unscheduled move, due to something such as a relocation for work.

I think you can apply the partial exclusion as I don't see anything that would prevent this. Understand you are violating the spirit of the rule, but probably not the text of the rule.

HOWEVER

The exclusion will NOT apply to depreciation recapture. So whatever depreciation you took (or were eligible to take) over the time it was rented, you will have income, and it will be taxed at 25% (unless your ordinary tax rate is lower, then it will be taxed at your ordinary tax rate).
This post was edited on 5/3/21 at 7:04 am
Posted by C
Houston
Member since Dec 2007
27824 posts
Posted on 5/3/21 at 7:12 am to
quote:

The exclusion will NOT apply to depreciation recapture


Yes that is well understood.

quote:

Understand you are violating the spirit of the rule, but probably not the text of the rule.


Yes this is where we are having conflict. It’s $20k tax change so I’m happy to be technically right... which is the best kind!

I wish I could find a relevant example from the IRS to clearly show it being applied in this way.
Posted by Mid Iowa Tiger
Undisclosed Secure Location
Member since Feb 2008
18633 posts
Posted on 5/3/21 at 7:28 am to
You should listen to your pro. The last thing you want is the worlds foremost collections agency crawling up your arse. Trust me.
Posted by Drizzt
Cimmeria
Member since Aug 2013
12871 posts
Posted on 5/3/21 at 3:36 pm to
I never have a problem giving the IRS as little as possible. frick the gestapo parasites.

Just when I thought we were friends again Slackster...
This post was edited on 5/3/21 at 3:39 pm
Posted by Mingo Was His NameO
Brooklyn
Member since Mar 2016
25455 posts
Posted on 5/3/21 at 3:44 pm to
Based on the information you've given, I'd file that for you if I were your CPA. The CPA has no liability if they acted in good faith.

I think like LSU Houston said, your position is a bit aggressive,but the partial exclusion shouldn't be for 5 years if you can't use 5 years. You could have always planned for your move to be temporary and then you'd qualify. For 20k I think it's worth finding a preparer thats comfortable.
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