re: What workouts should I do to be able to throw a football farther?

For a serious answer, you gotta gain more flexibility. This is the best stretch I've done. It makes your arm feel good immediately and you'll be able to throw a little further just from the initial stretch:

Push down on your hand and hold for 30 seconds and do it a couple of times:




The second thing is just throw long bombs all the time. Baseball players throw long toss. This is coming from a baseball perspective but I'm assuming it works the same way for throwing a football.



One more thing to test how flexible your shoulder is... go lay on a table or your bed or something and let your arm hang off in an "L" shape like this, just resting. I bet your arm isn't past parallel with the table. With pitchers and quarterback's, their arm goes way past parallel while resting like this: