re: Britain's Gene Pool was 90% Replaced in the Bronze Age

quote:

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Nestled in the mountains between France and Spain, there is a semi-isolated population of native European people that have long puzzled anthropologists, linguists, and historians, because although they are Caucasoid, they do not fit in with the rest of the European populations.

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I haven't watched but I would bet they are talking about the Basque people on the border of France and Spain (in isolated pockets). Genetic research has been done on them and the Basque men are overwhelmingly R1b, which is the mark of the Steppe invaders.

However, when you sample their whole genome (and not just the male lines), you find they are less Steppe and more old Neolithic farmer. This implies that a Steppe elite (male dominated warrior band) took over and married the women. This would explain why you find R1b dominating the Y-DNA and Neolithic farmer dominating the rest of the genome.

Also, the Steppe men did not impose their language on the Basques as we know that the Basque language is NOT Indo-European. It is a language isolate that remains from "Old Europe" (i.e. the Neolithic).

Also, there is one major old European population I have left out: the hunter-gatherers. They were in Europe before the Neolithic farmers moved in from the Mediterranean. Basques have a lot of hunter-gatherer ancestry too.