The Rise and Fall of Nations: European Edition (AD 1 - AD 2025)

Unlike my earlier OP, I have asked ChatGPT to focus squarely on the powers of Europe instead of the entire world. This time I have asked it to do a Top 10 list instead of a Top 5 so we can get a better sense of what the continent looked like within each century.

Without further adieu:

First Century (1-99)

1. Roman Empire
2. Parthian Empire (Persia)
3. Germanic Tribal Confederations
4. British Tribal Kingdoms
5. Dacians (Romania)
6. Kingdom of Armenia
7. Thracian Tribes/Odrysian Kingdom (Bulgaria)
8. Sarmatians (Ukraine)
10. Celtic Tribes in Gaul and Iberia (France & Spain)

Second Century (100-199)

1. Roman Empire
2. Parthian Empire
3. Dacian Kingdom
4. Germanic Tribal Confederations
5. Sarmatians
6. Thracian and Moesian Provinces
7. British Tribal Kingdoms (under Roman rule)
8. Armenian Kingdom
9. Nabataean Kingdom (Jordan)
10. Judea / Bar Kokhba Rebellion (132–136 AD)

Third Century (200-299)

1. Roman Empire
2. Sassanid Empire (Iraq)
3. Gothic Tribes (Balkans)
4. Alamanni (Germany)
5. Franks (France & Spain)
6. Palmyrene Empire (Syria)
7. Gallic Empire (France, Britain, & Spain)
8. Danubian Tribes (Romania)
9. Irish Tribal Kingdoms
10. Berber Kingdoms (North Africa)

Fourth Century (300-399)

1. Roman Empire
2. Sassanid Empire
3. Kingdom of Armenia
4. Gothic Tribes (Eastern Europe)
5. Alemanni
6. Franks
7. Vandals (Central Europe)
8. Suebi (Central Europe)
9. Huns (Eastern Europe)
10. Irish Kingdoms

Fifth Century (400-499)

1. Western Roman Empire
2. Eastern Roman Empire (Byzantine Empire)
3. Visigothic Kingdom (France)
4. Vandal Kingdom (North Africa)
5. Hunnic Empire (Hungary)
6. Frankish Kingdom (France)
7. Ostrogoths (Nomadic)
8. Anglo-Saxon Kingdoms (Britain)
9. Suebi Kingdom (Spain)
10. Kingdom of the Burgundians (France)

Sixth Century (500-599)

1. Byzantine Empire
2. Ostrogothic Kingdom (Italy)
3. Visigothic Kingdom
4. Frankish Kingdom (Merovingians)
5. Lombards (Italy)
6. Kingdom of the Gepids (Serbia)
7. Avar Khaganate (Nomadic)
8. Anglo-Saxon Kingdoms
9. Kingdom of Burgundy
10. Papacy (Italy)

Seventh Century (600-699)

1. Byzantine Empire
2. Visigothic Kingdom
3. Frankish Kingdom
4. Lombard Kingdom
5. Anglo-Saxon Heptarchy (Britain)
6. Avar Khaganate (Hungary)
7. Duchy of Bavaria (Germany)
8. Slavic Tribal Confederations (Czech Republic)
9. Kingdom of the Suebi
10. Papacy

Eighth Century (700-799)

1. Byzantine Empire
2. Umayyad Emirate of Al-Andalus (Muslim Spain)
3. Frankish Kingdom
4. Kingdom of the Lombards
5. Kingdom of the Visigoths
6. Kingdom of the Asturias (Christian Spain)
7. Avar Khaganate
8. Anglo-Saxon Heptarchy
9. Bulgarian Khanate (Bulgaria)
10. Papal States (Italy)

Ninth Century (800-899)

1. Carolingian Empire (Frankish Empire)
2. Byzantine Empire
3. Emirate of Córdoba (Muslim Spain)
4. Kingdom of Wessex (Anglo-Saxon England)
5. Viking Scandinavia (Denmark, Norway & Sweden)
6. Kingdom of Bulgaria
7. Kingdom of Asturias (Christian Spain)
8. Great Moravia (Slovakia)
9. Papal States
10. Duchy of Benevento (Italy)

10th Century (900-999)

1. Byzantine Empire
2. Holy Roman Empire (East Frankish Kingdom)
3. Caliphate of Córdoba (Muslim Spain)
4. Kingdom of England
5. Kingdom of Denmark
6. Kievan Rus' (Ukraine)
7. Kingdom of Hungary
8. Kingdom of León (Christian Spain)
9. Duchy of Normandy (France)
10. Kingdom of Norway

11th Century (1000-1099)

1. Byzantine Empire
2. Holy Roman Empire
3. Kingdom of France
4. Kingdom of England
5. Kingdom of Hungary
6. Kievan Rus'
7. Kingdom of León
8. Norman Duchies (France & Italy/Sicily)
9. Papal States
10. Kingdom of Denmark

12th Century (1100-1199)

1. Byzantine Empire
2. Kingdom of France
3. Kingdom of England (and the Angevin Empire)
4. Holy Roman Empire
5. Kingdom of Sicily
6. Papal States
7. Kingdom of Castile and León (Christian Spain)
8. Almohad Caliphate (Muslim Spain/North Africa)
9. Republic of Venice (Italy)
10. Kingdom of Hungary

13th Century (1200-1299)

1. Mongol Empire (Eastern Europe)
2. Kingdom of France
3. Holy Roman Empire
4. Kingdom of England
5. Papal States
6. Crown of Aragon (Christian Spain)
7. Kingdom of Castile (Christian Spain)
8. Republic of Venice
9. Kingdom of Hungary
10. Republic of Genoa (Italy)

14th Century (1300-1399)

1. Kingdom of France
2. Kingdom of England
3. Crown of Aragon
4. Republic of Venice
5. Republic of Genoa
6. Kingdom of Hungary
7. Holy Roman Empire
8. Kingdom of Poland
9. Ottoman Empire (Turkey)
10. Grand Duchy of Lithuania

15th Century (1400-1499)

1. Kingdom of France
2. Kingdom of Spain
3. Ottoman Empire
4. Duchy of Burgundy (France)
5. Kingdom of England
6. Republic of Venice
7. Grand Duchy of Moscow (Russia)
8. Holy Roman Empire
9. Polish-Lithuanian Union
10. Swiss Confederation (Switzerland)

16th Century (1500-1599)

1. Spanish Empire
2. Ottoman Empire
3. Kingdom of France
4. Holy Roman Empire
5. Kingdom of England
6. Kingdom of Portugal
7. Republic of Venice
8. Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
9. Tsardom of Russia
10. Kingdom of Sweden

17th Century (1600-1699)

1. Kingdom of France
2. Dutch Republic (Netherlands)
3. Kingdom of England
4. Austrian Empire (Habsburg Empire/Holy Roman Empire)
5. Spanish Empire
6. Swedish Empire
7. Tsardom of Russia
8. Ottoman Empire
9. Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
10. Portuguese Empire

18th Century (1700-1799)

1. Kingdom of Great Britain
2. Kingdom of France
3. Russian Empire
4. Austrian Empire
5. Kingdom of Prussia
6. Ottoman Empire
7. Spanish Empire
8. Dutch Republic
9. Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
10. Kingdom of Sweden

19th Century (1800-1899)

1. British Empire
2. French Empire
3. Russian Empire
4. Prussia/German Empire
5. Austrian Empire/Austro-Hungarian Empire
6. Ottoman Empire
7. Kingdom of Italy
8. Kingdom of Spain
9. Kingdom of Belgium
10. Kingdom of the Netherlands

20th Century (1900-1999)

1. Soviet Union (Russia)
2. United Kingdom (Britain)
3. Germany
4. France
5. Italy
6. Austria-Hungary/Austria
7. Poland
8. Yugoslavia
9. Spain
10. Czechoslovakia

21st Century (2000-Present)

1. Germany
2. United Kingdom
3. France
4. Russia
5. Italy
6. Poland
7. Spain
8. Turkey
9. Netherlands
10. Ukraine

And there you have it. Over 2,000 years of European history - a true game of thrones. It's crazy to see the rise and fall of so many nations, states, kingdoms, and empires. It really puts things into perspective.