14th amendment and airplanes with flyover citizenship

The 14th amendment was introduced into the senate by senator Jacob Howard,(1866) who was also the senate manager for the amendment. At the time, citizenship was with the individual states and he co-authored an amendment to section 1 of the 14th amendment (the citizenship clause) for the purpose of insuring that one state couldn't deny constitutional protections to a citizen of a different state. According to him, a restriction on the states, and nothing more. In introducing his amendment to the senate, he said:

"Every person born within the limits of the United States, and subject to their jurisdiction, is by virtue of natural law and national law a citizen of the United States. This will not, of course, include persons born in the United States who are foreigners, aliens, who belong to the families of ambassadors or foreign ministers accredited to the Government of the United States, but will include every other class of persons."

This was followed by extensive debate, which wasn't about birthright citizenship at all. Birth tourism wasn't very feasible in 1866. The debate was over if this clause conferred citizenship to American Indians.

So here the man who co-authored the clause that supposedly created birthright citizenship, said very explicitly that it didn't. What are some possibilities?

1. He was simply careless, didn't write down what he meant, and convinced the senate that he didn't need to?
2. That it was perfectly clear at the time that birthright citizenship wasn't conferred, and that understanding has been conveniently forgotten to illegitimately change the meaning of the 14th amendment?
3. The ambiguity was an intentional deception to fool the legislators and public, similar to the "You can keep your insurance" lie that was needed to get obamacare passed?
4-.... ???