re: VMFXX - 1099 DIV

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Important Note: This fund may earn income from investments in repurchase agreements and certain other securities that are generally subject to state and local taxes.

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Updated January 2024. As the brokerage 1099 forms for 2023 are coming out, here is a quick reminder for those in states with local income taxes. If you earned interest from a money market fund, a significant portion of this interest may have come from US Treasury bills and bonds, which are generally exempt from state and local income taxes. However, in order to claim this exemption, you’ll have to manually enter it on your tax return after digging up a few extra details.

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Let’s take the default cash sweep option for Vanguard brokerage accounts, the Vanguard Federal Money Market Fund (VMFXX), which has an SEC yield of 5.29% as of 1/29/24. Vanguard has recently released the U.S. government obligations income information for 2023 [pdf] for all their funds, which states:

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This tax update provides information to help you properly report your state and local tax liability on ordinary income distributions you received from your mutual fund investments in 2023. On the next pages, you’ll find a list of Vanguard funds that earned a portion of their ordinary dividends from obligations of the U.S. government. Direct U.S. government obligations and certain U.S. government agency obligations are generally exempt from taxation in most states.*

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To find the portion of Vanguard dividends that may be exempt from your state income tax, multiply the amount of “ordinary dividends” reported in Box 1a of your Form 1099-DIV by the percentage listed in the PDF. Note that on the IRS Form 1099-INT, there is a special Line 3 that includes “Interest on US Savings Bonds & Treasury obligations”. However, for the Vanguard funds, they report on 1099-DIV and not 1099-INT. My Vanguard 1099-INT was all zeros.

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For the Vanguard Federal Money Market Fund, this percentage was 49.37% in 2023. Therefore, if you earned $1,000 in total interest from VMFXX in 2023, then $493.70 could possibly be exempt from state and local income taxes.

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