re: OT Cops: Are You Taught Restraint/Proportionality at the Academy?

Military Police for 8 years. No Civilian LEO experience as of now.

Yes, there is use of force continuum that all US Police Officers and Military Police are trained in.
Here is a link so you can read up on it. LINK

You can jump around on that ladder depending on what is needed at that moment; he pulls a gun and you jump straight from verbal to deadly force. He puts said gun down and you jump back to verbal or somewhere in between depending on the needs.

As for engaging a suspect with your weapon, everything I was ever taught was center mass and if you have to pull the trigger you make sure your target is down. You never shoot a couple times or so.

As far as the unloading of the bullets in a magazine, studies have found the vast majority of shots fired in a police shooting miss, and most officers shoot because of something called sympathetic fire, ie someone else is shooting so they shoot too.

Officers are also dealing with muscle memory and adrenaline when they shoot their weapon. So most officers are usually unaware of how many rounds are going down range and just want to make sure the threat is eliminated, even if a guy is on the ground, he still has the capability to pull out a weapon and waste someone, you should look up some combat stories about that. Trying to train officers to limit the amount of bullets used etc is not smart training. Better to train them to avoid that part, which is generally what they do, but weapons will be used eventually.

Look at the number of officer involved shootings in the US and the number of officer interactions with civilians and you will be shocked at how few officer shootings there really are. They just get most of the attention especially because they generally end up with a fatality.

Hope this helped.

:EDIT: Also as far as body cameras, I have a good amount of close friends who are law enforcement and those cameras are not attached very well. Usually either with a clip or with a pin and pinned into the uniform. However in a scuffle if its hit there is a chance it can come off, but if they were on at the start of a situation slim chance the officers remove them in the middle of a situation, very obvious and not always easy to do. The ones that attach to the belt usually stay on better, but I don't know with ones BRPD uses?