re: Do you max your annual 401k contribution?

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What does this mean?

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$19,500 is the amount that you can put in pre tax.

That plus what ever your employer puts in, let’s say $20,500 for easy math, equals $40,000.

The IRS limit for 2021 is $56,500, I think.

So you can then use post tax money to make up the $16,500 to max out your 401k.

More complex is you can then move the post tax 401k money to an Roth IRA to prevent future gains from being taxed.

And then depending on salary, back door your Roth.