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OT Doctors- Why do we become immune to antibiotics?
Posted on 5/26/16 at 7:04 pm
Posted on 5/26/16 at 7:04 pm
I read an article that a lady in Pennsylvania has a strand of E. Coli that is resistant to all known antibiotics. The CDC and Department of Defense are involved and they're re-tracing her steps so it must be serious. In the article, it mentioned that the World Health Organization said that immunity to antibiotics is one of the most serious health crises we face today.
What do antibiotics do, what are they used to kill, why are they successful, and why do we develop an immunity to them?
What do antibiotics do, what are they used to kill, why are they successful, and why do we develop an immunity to them?
This post was edited on 5/26/16 at 7:05 pm
24
Posted on 5/26/16 at 7:05 pm to boosiebadazz
quote:
Department of Defense is involved
They about to nuke her?
Posted on 5/26/16 at 7:06 pm to boosiebadazz
B/c life will find a way.
Jurassic Park should have taught you this.
eta: the real answer. Bacteria have the ability to share defense mechanism genes with each other. Say you have a table full of bacteria and wipe out the whole table with a certain antibiotic. Soon a bacteria will mutate with defense mechanisms against it and take over the table no matter how much antibiotic you throw at it.
Jurassic Park should have taught you this.
eta: the real answer. Bacteria have the ability to share defense mechanism genes with each other. Say you have a table full of bacteria and wipe out the whole table with a certain antibiotic. Soon a bacteria will mutate with defense mechanisms against it and take over the table no matter how much antibiotic you throw at it.
This post was edited on 5/26/16 at 7:10 pm
Posted on 5/26/16 at 7:07 pm to boosiebadazz
I know for one, people don't listen to instructions and stop taking antibiotics once they feel better. Well, that remaining bacteria learns, adapts, and learns how to defend itself against the same medication. Do it over and over for multiple bacteria and now you have no medications that will actually work.
Posted on 5/26/16 at 7:10 pm to boosiebadazz
It's evolution at work. Not all of the bacteria may be killed by the antibiotic, so the ones that survive live and pass on the ability to survive the treatment.
Antibiotics are overly prescribed in my opinion, but I'm no doctor.
Antibiotics are overly prescribed in my opinion, but I'm no doctor.
Posted on 5/26/16 at 7:18 pm to boosiebadazz
We don't become immune.
Posted on 5/26/16 at 7:21 pm to boosiebadazz
We don't become immune. Bacteria create defense mechanisms that make them resistant.
Posted on 5/26/16 at 7:21 pm to boosiebadazz
ELY5 because apparently you are.
Antibiotics kill bacteria. This was discovered in 1928 (and you're just now finding out about it! how exiting!).
Their success depends on the type of antibiotic you use. But in general they break down the bacterium's cell walls.
We don't develop an immunity to antibiotics, the bacteria do. This is why the immunity is so dangerous - it means that you are now at risk of dying just from a simple cut to your hand.
The bacteria develop immunity because... wait for it... evolution. The bacteria that aren't totally killed by the antibiotics live on and pass their traits to their offspring which are now just a little bit stronger against the medicines. Only, bacteria go through generations very very quickly, so while it make take you forever to evolve, it only takes them a few days.
Now, see what a 10th grade education can do for you? Stay in school, one day you'll know this stuff too.
Posted on 5/26/16 at 7:22 pm to boosiebadazz
We do not develop immunity - the bacteria do. This is just evolution in full display: amongst the billions of bacteria some are more resistant and they live and pass on their resistant DNA to future generations. This is a war of escalation that we have no chance of winning.
Posted on 5/26/16 at 7:25 pm to boosiebadazz
It's only going to get worse.
Practicing primary care and good medicine often don't coincide nowadays because people expect antibiotics. Midlevel providers are some of the worst offenders of this.
Practicing primary care and good medicine often don't coincide nowadays because people expect antibiotics. Midlevel providers are some of the worst offenders of this.
Posted on 5/26/16 at 7:38 pm to boosiebadazz
The bacteria in the human stomach is obscenely potent. In fact, it could dissolve a corpse much faster than sodium or potassium hydroxide or limestone. Defeating an antibiotic is no big thing.
Posted on 5/26/16 at 7:39 pm to boosiebadazz
We don't get immune to antibiotics. They work fine on us. The diseases they fight become immune to them. They mutate and get stronger each and every time.
The answer is simple: evolution. But many idiots on this site find it to be a myth.
The answer is simple: evolution. But many idiots on this site find it to be a myth.
Posted on 5/26/16 at 7:45 pm to boosiebadazz
We do not become immune to antibiotics, but bacteria can.
Whenever an infection is treated with an antibiotic it doesn't always kill every bacterial cell.
A few cells may have an innate immunity or resistance, and begin reproducing again. This problem can be further exacerbated because different bacterial species can share certain traits through horizontal gene transfer.
Different antibiotics work to stop things like cell division or disrupt cell walls. A mutation in a protein expression can keep antibiotics from harming the bacteria.
Whenever an infection is treated with an antibiotic it doesn't always kill every bacterial cell.
A few cells may have an innate immunity or resistance, and begin reproducing again. This problem can be further exacerbated because different bacterial species can share certain traits through horizontal gene transfer.
Different antibiotics work to stop things like cell division or disrupt cell walls. A mutation in a protein expression can keep antibiotics from harming the bacteria.
Posted on 5/26/16 at 7:45 pm to boosiebadazz
Actually her E.Coli isn't resistant to all antibiotics, just the antibiotic of last resort, Colistin.
As for how bacteria gain immunity:
And it appears that the reason that some E.Coli has gotten this resistance might be:
As for how bacteria gain immunity:
quote:
Bacteria develop antibiotic resistance in two ways. Many acquire mutations in their own genomes that allow them to withstand antibiotics, although that ability can't be shared with pathogens outside their own family.
They get infected with something called a plasmid, a small piece of DNA, carrying a gene for antibiotic resistance. That makes resistance genes more dangerous because plasmids can make copies of themselves and transfer the genes they carry to other bugs within the same family as well as jump to other families of bacteria, which can then "catch" the resistance directly without having to develop it through evolution.
And it appears that the reason that some E.Coli has gotten this resistance might be:
quote:
Colistin is widely used in Chinese livestock, and this use probably led bacteria to evolve and gain a resistance to the drug. The gene probably leaped from livestock to human microbes through food
Posted on 5/26/16 at 7:54 pm to boosiebadazz
Bacteria can evolve and alter their DNA at an alarming rate. If something targets a strand of RNA, they they move it or rearrange it. If it destroys the cell wall they can make enzymes that neutralize it or hide from the antibiotic.
They can trade DNA with other bacteria via conjugation. So if you have 2 bacterium resistant one resistant and one vulnerable, you can soon have 2 resistant ones.
Over-prescription and not finishing a prescription is the main cause.
They can trade DNA with other bacteria via conjugation. So if you have 2 bacterium resistant one resistant and one vulnerable, you can soon have 2 resistant ones.
Over-prescription and not finishing a prescription is the main cause.
This post was edited on 5/26/16 at 7:57 pm
Posted on 5/26/16 at 7:56 pm to boosiebadazz
quote:
We become immune to antibiotics
Are you a bacteria?
Even an OT lawyer knows better than that.
Posted on 5/26/16 at 7:57 pm to boosiebadazz
To quote Eddie Vedder:
"It's evolution baby!"
Nature adapts readily to manmade constructs
Injudicious / rampant use of antibiotics contributes to this "evolution"
"It's evolution baby!"
Nature adapts readily to manmade constructs
Injudicious / rampant use of antibiotics contributes to this "evolution"
This post was edited on 5/26/16 at 8:03 pm
Posted on 5/26/16 at 8:30 pm to boosiebadazz
Reap what you sew
You frickers want an antibiotic every time Jr has the sniffles. If you don't get your zpac you are not happy live with the consequences.
You frickers want an antibiotic every time Jr has the sniffles. If you don't get your zpac you are not happy live with the consequences.
Posted on 5/26/16 at 8:35 pm to boosiebadazz
Lets just say that a serious outbreak of a superbug should be the doomsday scenario you should be most worried about.
Posted on 5/26/16 at 8:43 pm to boosiebadazz
quote:
Department of Defense researchers disclosed Thursday in a report placed online by the journal Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy that a 49-year-old woman who sought medical care at a military-associated clinic in Pennsylvania last month, with what seemed to be a urinary tract infection, was carrying a strain of E. coli that possessed resistance to a wide range of drugs. That turned out to be because the organism carried 15 different genes conferring antibiotic resistance, clustered on two “mobile elements” that can move easily among bacteria. One element included the new, dreaded gene mcr-1.
Welp, we're all fricked.
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