Nature documentaries and the footage they shoot

Time.

Lots of it.

Planet Earth is my #1 television series of all time (BoB is #2). It's absolutely gorgeous, on top of being interesting, awesome, etc.

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They're basically hunters without guns. Lots of silent stalking, probably some baiting, tons of patience and state of the art technology.

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This. Plus a little luck.

I went on a backpacking trip in Denali. You'd see photographers set up in the same place day after day trying to get the shot they wanted.

Bombs over Baghdad or Band of Brothers... I'm not sure which one it is

I just recently watched the 6 or 7 part series by BBC called Frozen Planet. The episode was 45 minutes or so and then there were about 15 minutes of behind the scenes looks of how they got the footage. That 6 or 7 part series took 5 years to shoot. The had 4 separate teams in Antarctica alone. It was shot in both the Arctic and Antarctica. They got the first underseas footage of a killer whale pack hunting a seal. They had cameras on long sticks and got right next to the killer whales to stick the cameras under water to shoot. Those whales were very curious and raised out of the water within 5 feet of the guys. The whales could have snatched them and drug them under water to drown them, which is one of their hunting techniques. Another team of scuba divers was filming beneath the ice in Antarctica. They also had ridiculous resources with helicopters and submarine cameras.