Pistol powder for small rifle cartridges

In an AR or AK? No, they won't make the pressure/volume curve. And you may grenade a rifle, maybe if you had some magnum powder like AA9 you could jury rig a load. Definitely not with 9mm powders.

Fast pistol powder can be used in straight walled cartridges like the 45-70 etc. the pressure spike in small bottle necked cartridges can be catastrophic. I’ve heard of plinking loads in larger bottle necked cartridges (30-06) with powders like red dot. Proceed with caution!

For cast bullet velocities it can be done with some rounds.

Depends on what you want to do. As Laduckkiller says, there's a history of usage w/ a few pistol powders in producing rifle reduced velocity loads. When my son started deer hunting, I worked up a reduced recoil load using Blue Dot. He killed 7-8 deer w/ it. It used a 125 gr Nosler Ballistic Tip at 2400 fps in a 308 Savage bolt action. Many years ago my hunting/handloading buddy and I were working up squib loads for his 308. Using a VERY small charge of Bullseye, he managed to get a bullet stud part way down the barrel of his 308 rifle. I won't repeat what the gunsmith said, but we never tried that again. OTOH, I've worked up 22 LR velocity loads in a 308 using IMR 700X and cast bullets. It was very accurate at close ranges, 25 yds or so. You had to use the "thick to thin" transition point of the lower vertical cross hair as the aiming point. There's been a lot of work w/ reduced loads using IMR 4759, as well. The IMR 4759 load for my 270 ran 2300 fps. Lead bullets are traditionally suggested. I read there were concerns that if a copper jacketed bullet was used, the copper jacket might get separated from the lead core, resulting in the jacket getting stuck in the bore. The reduced velocity loads probably wouldn't cycle a semi-auto. Using pistol powders in rifles can be done, but it is best reserved for an experienced bandleader. Proceed w/ caution.