Halley's Comet begins its return journey to Earth today

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After zooming away from Earth for nearly 40 years, Halley's Comet is about to turn tail and head back our way — setting the stage for a spectacular close-up in 2061.

On Saturday, Dec. 9, the famous comet is predicted to reach its farthest point from the sun, also known as its aphelion, at a distance of about 35 astronomical units (AU) — or about 35 times the distance between Earth and the sun, according to NASA. That puts the comet well beyond the orbit of Neptune, and nearly in the front yard of Pluto, which orbits at about 39 AU.

In a sense, this is the midway point of Halley's routine, 76-year orbit of the sun. For the last 38 years or so, the comet has moved millions of miles farther away from us every day; now, it will spend the next 38 years moving closer.

Halley's last close approach of the sun (or its perihelion) was on Feb. 9, 1986, when it swooped to within 54.6 million miles (87.8 million km) of the sun, according to NASA; that's about 0.58 AU from the our home star, or just interior to the orbit of Venus. Astronomers haven't seen the comet at all since 2003, after which it became too small and dim to see.

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Halley's Comet makes its next close approach to the sun on July 28, 2061. Until then, you can experience the "hairy star's" shimmering legacy twice a year, during two meteor showers associated with icy debris left behind by the comet on prior trips across Earth's orbit. The Delta Aquariid meteor shower in May and the Orionid meteor shower in October both occur when old debris from Halley's Comet falls through Earth's atmosphere, burning up as "shooting stars."

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