re: How do they other teams sign superstars under the cap?

I think one of the most important things about the salary cap to note is that it's a soft cap. There are certain ways you are allowed to go over, such as signing your own players, a mid level exemption, and to add minimum salary players. Compare that to the NFL where it's a hard cap and you can't go over for any reason, however the nonguaranteed contracts in football make cutting/restructuring players easier to deal with said hard cap

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S&T

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are not allowed by a team over the salary cap. They can send a guy via S&T, but not accept one