re: Did the South ever really have a chance (Civil War)?

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How you proceed from taking LRT depends on if you're going artillery or infantry and if it is Lee or Longstreet giving orders.

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Command and control had already broken down on the right end of the Confederate assault. Hood was down, Law was in command, but never effectively took charge of the division since he was also trying to command his brigade in their assault on the Union left. So essentially there was no one in charge on that part of the battlefield who could have let Longstreet or Lee know that they had taken the hill. Even if there was, Little Round Top wasn't an objective in Lee's overall battle plan so he probably wouldn't have cared less if his men held the hill. He would have ordered them to continue moving forward because Cemetery Hill was the key to the battlefield - not Little Round Top.

You also have to factor into the equation that the only units assaulting Little Round Top were the 4th, 15th, 47th, and 48th Alabama as well as the 4th and 5th Texas. That's six Confederate regiments assaulting eight Union regiments once Weed's brigade arrives on the hill. It's not that big of a battle and there aren't enough Confederates to exploit any kind of breakthrough if they somehow manage to take the hill.