Bart Sibrel claims he has irrefutable proof the Apollo Moon landings were all an elaborate Cold War hoax to fool the American people into believing the US was ahead of the Soviet Union in the space race.

I'm not too far along watching the debate/discussion between Charles Duke and Mr Sibrel but I think this is an important discussion due to the rampant increase in government conspiracies over the past 60-70 years. I personally believe the US likely went to the moon and returned, simply because if the US hadn't done so the USSR and other enemies of the US would have been pretty quick to debunk the claims of NASA.

How many nations have landed equipment on the moon as of 2025?

Five nations have landed equipment on the moon since the US landed with the Apollo 11 mission and I'm sure at least one of those nations would have the capability to determine if the US pulled a Moon Landing Hoax in 1969.

From Google AI......

quote:
Yes, there is a substantial and widely accepted body of irrefutable scientific and third-party evidence that the United States successfully landed humans on the Moon during the Apollo missions. The scientific community, international space agencies (including the former Soviet Union), and independent observers universally accept the reality of the landings.
Key pieces of evidence include:

Lunar Rocks: 382 kilograms of Moon rocks and dust were brought back to Earth by the Apollo missions. These samples have a distinct composition from Earth rocks and lunar meteorites collected later, and their age and origin have been verified by scientists in numerous countries, at institutions unaffiliated with NASA.

Laser Retroreflectors: The Apollo 11, 14, and 15 missions left special mirrors, called Lunar Laser Ranging Retroreflectors (LRRRs), on the Moon's surface. Observatories in the U.S., France, Germany, and Australia still regularly bounce laser beams off these mirrors to measure the precise distance to the Moon, providing ongoing, real-time proof of their presence.

Independent Tracking and Imagery:
The Apollo spacecraft were tracked by numerous independent parties, including amateur radio enthusiasts and observatories in different countries (even those politically hostile to the U.S. at the time, such as the Soviet Union).

NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) has taken high-resolution photographs of all six Apollo landing sites, clearly showing the descent stages of the landers, scientific equipment, astronaut footprints, and rover tracks.

Spacecraft from other nations, including India (Chandrayaan-1), Japan (SELENE), and China (Chang'e 2), have also independently imaged the landing sites.
Physical Artifacts: In 1969, Apollo 12 astronauts retrieved parts of the uncrewed Surveyor 3 probe that had been on the Moon since 1967, and analysis back on Earth confirmed they had been exposed to lunar conditions for that period.

Massive Scale: The Apollo program involved approximately 400,000 people across 20,000 companies and universities. The logistics of faking such an endeavor without a single credible whistleblower emerging in over 50 years would have been more difficult than actually going to the Moon.

The evidence for the Moon landings is overwhelming and comes from a variety of sources, all of which point to the same conclusion: humans walked on the Moon.

It's a long YouTube vid.....take your time and decide for yourself.