Illegal immigration demographics

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In 2023, more than 40% of unauthorized immigrants had some protection from deportation – about 6 million of our estimated 14 million total. This figure is up significantly from 500,000 (or 4% of the total)

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Protected groups include:

Asylum applicants (2.6 million in 2023)
Immigrants who entered the U.S. legally after receiving parole (700,000)
Victims of crimes or violence (700,000)
Those with TPS (650,000)
Enrollees in Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA), a program for immigrants who were brought to the U.S. illegally as children (600,000)
Migrants who the U.S. Border Patrol released into the U.S. (1.0 million)

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Preliminary data indicates continued growth into 2024 and a decrease in 2025

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By June 2025, the foreign-born population was 51.9 million, a drop of about 1.5 million from the peak in January.

The CPS does not tell us the sources of the decline, but most of the drop is likely due to a fall in the unauthorized immigrant population.

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